Explanation
Monoscopy refers to an image displayed identically to both eyes, producing no stereoscopic depth effect. In the context of 360-degree content, monoscopic videos show the same flat panoramic image to each eye, making them viewable on any device (smartphone, tablet, desktop, headset) but lacking the sense of volume and depth that stereoscopic content provides.
Real-world example
A standard television screen or a regular photograph viewed flat -- both are monoscopic.
Practical applications
- Flat 360-degree videos: panoramic content without depth, viewable on any device
- Maximum compatibility: works on smartphones, tablets, computers, and headsets
- Simplified production: a single camera is enough, standard editing workflow
- Web delivery: lighter files than stereoscopic content
Monoscopy vs Stereoscopy
Monoscopy (2D)
- Same image for both eyes
- No sense of depth or volume
- Compatible with all screens
Example: A standard 360-degree YouTube video
Stereoscopy (3D)
- Two slightly offset images
- Creates depth and volume perception
- Requires a VR headset or 3D glasses
Example: A 3D movie at the cinema or an immersive VR experience
VR scenario
A 360-degree virtual tour of an apartment shot with a monoscopic camera (Insta360, Ricoh Theta) lets you look in every direction, but objects appear "flat." It is sufficient for discovering a space, but less immersive than a stereoscopic capture.
Why it matters in professional VR
- Monoscopy remains the most widespread and accessible 360-degree format
- A pragmatic choice: less expensive, easier to produce and distribute
- For maximum immersion, prefer stereoscopy when the budget allows